Unmasking India’s false-flag legacy

Pahalgam attack was one of a series of Indian false-flag operations

In the complex world of South Asian geopolitics, India has consistently mastered the art of deception through orchestrated false-flag operations. From the ashes of the Samjhauta Express to the smoke clouds over Pulwama— and now shadowy details emerging from the recent Pahalgam attack— New Delhi’s strategy has frequently relied on manufacturing crises to justify aggression, manipulate public sentiment, and deflect international scrutiny.

These incidents, cloaked in patriotism and amplified by a compliant media ecosystem, reveal a dangerous pattern of state-sponsored theatrics aimed at maligning Pakistan and consolidating authoritarian control at home. Each fabricated crisis not only fuels war hysteria and justifies state oppression, but also exposes the lengths to which India will go to advance its agenda, no matter the cost to regional peace or innocent lives.

The anatomy of India’s false-flag operations is as calculated as sinister. These attacks almost always target civilians or security forces, timed with surgical precision just before elections or pivotal diplomatic engagements— ensuring maximum psychological impact and political mileage. The blame is reflexively pinned on Pakistan, with Indian media machinery unleashing a barrage of propaganda to whip up nationalist hysteria and drown out dissenting voices.

The 2007 Samjhauta Express bombing is a textbook example: a peace train turned into a fiery graveyard for 68 souls, mostly Pakistani civilians, on the eve of crucial bilateral talks. Despite initial claims of Pakistani involvement, a 2011 confession by Swami Aseemanand, linked to the RSS, named Indian military officers and Hindu extremists as key conspirators, yet justice was deliberately sabotaged, witnesses silenced, and real masterminds shielded by the state. This pattern of manipulation, cover-up, and state complicity reveals how India weaponizes terror not just against its neighbors, but against the very truth itself.

Building on this legacy of deception, the Pulwama attack in 2019 further cemented India’s proficiency in false-flag operations masquerading as national tragedy. The bombing, which claimed the lives of 40 CRPF personnel, transformed grief into electoral gold. Instead of questioning the glaring security failures or the use of vulnerable local youth in the attack, Indian media leaped to assign blame across the border.

What followed was a choreographed retaliation in Balakot, high on theatrics and low on strategic impact, but enough to trigger a nationalist wave that buoyed the ruling party back to power. Fast forward to 2023, the Rajouri incident unfolded under a calculated media blackout, as civilians in Kashmir were targeted. The result? An easy justification for extending draconian Armed Forces Special Powers Act and tightening India’s iron grip over the Valley. These operations aren’t about defence— they’re about perpetuating the myth of an external enemy to mask internal decay.

As India’s falsehoods unravel under global scrutiny, time for performative condemnation is over. The international community must demand independent investigations and listen, not to state propaganda but to voices rising defiantly from Kashmir’s rubble. Peace in South Asia will remain a distant dream until these voices are heard, and the mask of manufactured terror is finally torn away.

Modi’s regime has elevated false-flag operations to a relentless election strategy, weaponizing tragedy for political gain and international theatrics. Each time public discontent rises or global attention threatens to expose India’s internal failures, a new “terror attack” conveniently emerges— be it Sarangkot or Poonch, always pinned on Pakistan without a shred of credible evidence. RAW-linked media outlets amplify the drama, drowning out facts and ensuring the narrative aligns with Modi’s agenda. The Pahalgam attack starkly exposes India’s enduring pattern of false-flag operations, engineered to malign Pakistan and distract from its failures in Kashmir. Despite a civilian-to-soldier ratio of 1:9 in one of the world’s most militarized zones, attackers struck a fortified tourist site in broad daylight, an operational impossibility without internal orchestration. With rising FDI, political calm, and regional engagement, Islamabad’s upward trajectory threatens New Delhi’s long-standing narrative of a “volatile Pakistan.” The attack’s timing, before key international summits, mirrors India’s history of orchestrated violence to justify militarism in Kashmir and create space for proxies like the BLA and TTP. This calculated escalation of hybrid warfare underscores India’s desperation to preserve its crumbling image of supremacy.

India’s decades-long playbook of false-flag operations is rapidly losing its grip, as the world begins to see through New Delhi’s carefully manufactured myths. The recent Pahalgam attack is not some foreign conspiracy, but a false-flag operation to suppress the organic outcry of people suffocating under brutal Indian occupation in Indian-Occupied Kashmir. While India clings to deception, Pakistan stands united with its military, leadership, and people unwavering in their support for Kashmir’s just cause. No wave of political instability at home has deterred Pakistan’s resolve; instead, it continues to stand unwavering against India’s orchestrated falsehoods and in solidarity with oppressed people of Kashmir.

As India’s falsehoods unravel under global scrutiny, time for performative condemnation is over. The international community must demand independent investigations and listen, not to state propaganda but to voices rising defiantly from Kashmir’s rubble. Peace in South Asia will remain a distant dream until these voices are heard, and the mask of manufactured terror is finally torn away.

Zartaj Chaudhary
Zartaj Chaudhary
The writer is Research Officer at the Centre for Law and Security, Islamabad

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