Pakistan’s arms imports rise 66% in five years, with China as main supplier: SIPRI

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s imports of major arms increased by 66 percent between 2021 and 2025 compared to the previous five-year period, with China accounting for 80 percent of these imports, according to a new report from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).

The SIPRI report highlights a nearly 10 percent global rise in major arms transfers over the past five years, driven by ongoing conflicts. The United States maintained its position as the world’s leading arms supplier, while Russian arms exports declined sharply, falling by almost two-thirds. France emerged as the second-largest arms exporter, with India as its largest client.

China’s share as Pakistan’s primary arms supplier grew from 73 percent in 2016–2020 to 80 percent in 2021–2025, the SIPRI report noted. This increase underscores the deepening defense cooperation between the two countries. Pakistan remains the main recipient of Chinese arms exports, reflecting the strategic partnership between Islamabad and Beijing.

In South Asia, India’s high volume of arms imports is largely attributed to its perceived security threats from China and its longstanding conflict with Pakistan. SIPRI senior researcher Siemon Wezeman commented on the regional dynamics, stating, “Imported weapons were used in a 2025 cla.”

The report places Pakistan’s arms import trends within the broader context of shifting global arms trade patterns. While the United States solidified its dominance in the international arms market, Russia’s significant decline in exports marks a notable change. Meanwhile, France’s rise as a major exporter is closely linked to its growing defense relationship with India.

SIPRI’s findings shed light on the evolving security landscape in South Asia, where arms imports are influenced by regional rivalries and strategic alliances. The report also highlights the central role of China in meeting Pakistan’s defense needs, as well as the broader implications of increased arms transfers for regional stability.